{"id":836,"date":"2022-07-27T08:00:06","date_gmt":"2022-07-27T12:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.diagnostyka-umyslu.pl\/blog\/?p=836"},"modified":"2023-12-08T18:19:39","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T18:19:39","slug":"tipos-de-dislexia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.testes-online.org\/blog\/dislexia\/tipos-de-dislexia\/","title":{"rendered":"Tipos de dislexia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alguns sintomas s\u00e3o frequentemente comuns na dislexia, e os investigadores identificaram v\u00e1rios tipos de dislexia. A utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do termo dislexia distingue principalmente as formas gen\u00e9ticas e adquiridas de dislexia<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Dislexia adquirida<\/h4>\n

Ocorre mais tarde na vida e geralmente n\u00e3o \u00e9 o resultado de causas gen\u00e9ticas ou heredit\u00e1rias. Surge frequentemente na sequ\u00eancia de uma les\u00e3o ou dano cerebral – como dem\u00eancia ou acidente vascular cerebral – que afecta as \u00e1reas lingu\u00edsticas do c\u00e9rebro respons\u00e1veis pelo processamento de compet\u00eancias.<\/p>\n

Dislexia de desenvolvimento<\/h4>\n

Este tipo de dislexia \u00e9 geralmente mais proeminente em ambientes acad\u00e9micos. A dislexia de desenvolvimento n\u00e3o \u00e9 causada por qualquer tipo de les\u00e3o cerebral ou acidente, mas est\u00e1 presente desde o nascimento. Existem muitos tipos diferentes de dislexia inclu\u00eddos nesta classifica\u00e7\u00e3o, mas vamos concentrar-nos nos tipos de dislexia que afectam o processamento e o funcionamento do c\u00e9rebro: A dislexia visual, a dislexia fonol\u00f3gica e a dislexia de tipo misto.<\/p>\n

Dislexia de superf\u00edcie<\/h4>\n

\u00c9 a forma mais comum de dislexia do desenvolvimento. As crian\u00e7as com dislexia de superf\u00edcie n\u00e3o apresentam dificuldades significativas na leitura. Este tipo de dislexia est\u00e1 associado a um processamento de informa\u00e7\u00e3o deficiente nas vias neurais visuais, lexicais ou directas, o que significa que as crian\u00e7as podem sondar bem as palavras, mesmo as palavras sem sentido, mas precisam de as decompor em fragmentos ou s\u00edlabas para as ler. Torna-se mais problem\u00e1tico quando as palavras n\u00e3o seguem a pron\u00fancia ou quando h\u00e1 excep\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n

Dislexia fonol\u00f3gica<\/h4>\n

O tipo mais comum de dislexia, sin\u00f3nimo da pr\u00f3pria dislexia. \u00c9 principalmente um tipo de dislexia de desenvolvimento, mas em alguns casos pode ser adquirida, por exemplo, ap\u00f3s um acidente vascular cerebral ou a doen\u00e7a de Alzheimer. As crian\u00e7as com dislexia fonol\u00f3gica t\u00eam extrema dificuldade em ler palavras longas, desconhecidas ou raras. No entanto, s\u00e3o capazes de ler corretamente palavras familiares. Este tipo de dislexia est\u00e1 ligado a \u00e1reas fracas do c\u00e9rebro associadas ao processamento dos sons da linguagem, o que significa que as crian\u00e7as com esta perturba\u00e7\u00e3o l\u00eaem frequentemente as vias lexicais ou visuais, mas t\u00eam problemas com o processamento auditivo.<\/p>\n

Dislexia profunda<\/h4>\n

\u00c9 uma forma adquirida de dislexia. \u00c9 uma das formas mais graves de dislexia, uma vez que os indiv\u00edduos perdem a sua capacidade de leitura. Os disl\u00e9xicos profundos t\u00eam problemas tanto com o som das palavras como com o reconhecimento de palavras inteiras, porque ambas as vias neurais, fonol\u00f3gica e visual, est\u00e3o danificadas.<\/p>\n

\n

Fontes:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. M. D\u0105browska: Dysleksja w uj\u0119ciu psycholingwistycznym. Przegl\u0105d bada\u0144. Psychologia Wychowawcza Nr 4 1995 r.<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. https:\/\/zdrowie.radiozet.pl\/Ciaza-i-dziecko\/Zdrowie-dziecka\/Dysleksja-rozwojowa-na-czym-polega-to-zaburzenie?<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. M. Bogdanowicz, A. Borkowska, Model rozpoznawania specyficznych trudno\u015bci w czytaniu i pisaniu<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. M.B. Pecyna (red.), Dysleksja rozwojowa. Fakt i tajemnica w diagnostyce psychologiczno-pedagogicznej<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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